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Alzheimer’s Disease: How to Prevent It in Advance? A Multidisciplinary Perspective from Pathophysiology to Design-Driven Early Prevention
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Liangyu Chu
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Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder imposing a growing burden on aging societies. While treatment receives much attention, early prevention remains underexplored by the public. Aim: This paper examines how AD can be prevented through daily lifestyle interventions, drawing on genetic insights, biomarker research, pharmacological progress, and design-oriented approaches. Methods: The paper reviews AD etiology, pathophysiology, global aging trends, and existing prevention programs (e.g., FINGERS). It also analyzes two design concepts (Ambient Assisted Living and a smart vase for reminiscence therapy) and reports original survey data on public awareness. Findings: Global aging, declining birth rates, and rising young-onset AD (including a case at age 19) make early prevention urgent. Over 93% of survey respondents were unaware AD can be prevented in advance. Multidomain lifestyle interventions show cognitive benefits (e.g., 25% improvement in FINGERS), and design-driven solutions can support brain stimulation, safety monitoring, and social engagement. Conclusion: Early prevention of AD is scientifically feasible and socially necessary. Designers have a critical role in translating medical evidence into everyday tools that help people—especially those over 45 and the elderly—prolong cognitive health.